We consider three representative cases:

a) “Weather waves coupled with convection” in which the fast waves are 10 times smaller and 10 times faster, and the coupling is weak:

b) “ENSO coupled ocean-atmosphere” in which the fast waves have the same space scale, but are 10 times faster. We also used stronger coupling:

c) “Tropical-extratropical” system in which the ENSO tropical atmosphere is weakly coupled to a fast extratropical “atmosphere”  (triply-coupled)